Tag Archives | Religious Change

The Diverging Beliefs and Practices of the Religiously Affiliated and Unaffiliated in the United States

Aaron Gullickson

Sociological Science, June 21, 2018
10.15195/v5.a16


Since 1990, the percentage of Americans with no religious affiliation has grown substantially. Prior work has shown that between 1990 and 2000, the religiously unaffiliated population also became more religious in belief and practices, both in absolute terms and relative to the affiliated population. This curious empirical finding is believed to be driven by a dilution effect in which moderate believers disaffiliated from organized religion without giving up religious beliefs and practices. In the current article, I use data from the General Social Survey to show that this convergence of beliefs and practices of the religiously affiliated and unaffiliated ended around 2000. Since 2000, the religiously unaffiliated have decreased their belief in God and the afterlife and have not increased their prayer frequency. The trends for the affiliated have been either increasing or unchanging, and thus, the religious practices and beliefs of the religiously affiliated and unaffiliated have diverged since 2000. The change in trend for the religiously unaffiliated after 2000 cannot fully be explained by generational succession or the growing percentage of Americans raised without religion. Although the unaffiliated remain very heterogeneous in their beliefs and practices, these results point to a growing religious polarization in the United States.
Creative Commons LicenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Aaron Gullickson: Department of Sociology, University of Oregon
E-mail: aarong@uoregon.edu

Acknowledgements: I would like to thank Michael Hout and Claude Fischer for comments on early drafts of this article. Direct all correspondence to aarong@uoregon.edu. All code and data used to conduct this analysis as well as supplementary material is available at https://osf.io/94kv6/.

  • Citation: Gullickson, Aaron. 2018. “The Diverging Beliefs and Practices of the Religiously Affiliated and Unaffiliated in the United States.” Sociological Science 5: 361-379.
  • Received: April 23, 2018
  • Accepted: May 14, 2018
  • Editors: Jesper Sørensen, Mario Small
  • DOI: 10.15195/v5.a16

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