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Reactionary Brokering: How Families Navigate the Strains of Jail Incarceration

Kristin Turney, Steven Schmidt, Isha Bhallamudi, Amy Gong Liu, Ashley Torres

Sociological Science October 29, 2026
10.15195/v13.a47


Research consistently documents the wide-ranging strains of family member incarceration, but less is known about the different ways family members work together to manage these strains or the additional strains stemming from this coordination. We use in-depth interview data from the Jail and Family Life Study, drawing on longitudinal interviews with 69 mothers and 85 romantic partners of incarcerated men, to understand the symbiotic harms of jail incarceration for families. We find that the strains of family member incarceration engender reactionary brokering, a concept we define as the collaborative work family members engage in (with each other and occasionally with institutional actors) to manage strains generated by the sudden absence of a loved one. We uncover three primary types of reactionary brokers—exhaustive, concentrated, and bounded—alongside a group of monitors who oversee but are largely excluded or exempt from the brokering role. We also trace the socially patterned processes that shape these roles. Although reactionary brokering can provide critical support for families, it also generates substantial new strains, particularly for families with harmonious relationships that facilitate brokering. The concept of reactionary brokering illuminates how family members experiencing the same strain—in this case, incarceration—arrive at divergent brokering roles that can create new inequalities.

Creative Commons LicenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Kristin Turney: Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine.
E-mail: kristin.turney@uci.edu.

Steven Schmidt: Department of Sociology, Boston University.
E-mail: schmidts@bu.edu.

Isha Bhallamudi: Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine.
E-mail: isha.b@uci.edu.

Amy Gong Liu: Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine.
E-mail: liuag1@uci.edu.

Ashley Torres: Department of Sociology, University of California, Irvine.
E-mail: ashlelt1@uci.edu.

Acknowledgments: Funding for the Jail and Family Life Study was provided by the National Science Foundation and the William T. Grant Foundation. Britni Adams, Maryanne Alderson, Nadine Alsaadi, Natalie Averruz, Belen Barocio, Elisabet Barrios, Jaymesha Carter, MacKenzie Christensen, Emma Conner, Adrienne Credo, Patricia Delacruz, Ann Fefferman, Nicholas Freeman, Marilyn Garcia, Gabriela Gonzalez, Rebecca Goodsell, Jessica Kizer, Jesse Garcia, Arevik Gyurjyan, Christopher Hoffman, Payton Huse, Daniela Kaiser, Alma Leon-Oseguera, Crysbelle Lopez, Setarah Mahmoudi, Katelyn Malae, Estéfani Marin, Analicia Mejia Mesinas, Carmel Mitchell, Angie Belen Monreal, Jasmine Morales, Janet Muñiz, Katherine Navarro, Hannah Neatherlin, Tiffany Park, Elizabeth Partida, Alexandra Russo, Juan Sandoval, Archibaldo Silva, Desirae Sotto, Breauna Spencer, Luis Vaca-Corona, Alexis Velez, Cara Vermaak, Kanoelani Villanueva, Lacey Wood, and Jessica Zhu all provided excellent research assistance.

  • Citation: Turney, Kristin, Steven Schmidt, Isha Bhallamudi, Amy Gong Liu, and Ashley Torres. 2026. “Reactionary Brokering: How Families Navigate the Strains of Jail Incarceration” Sociological Science 13: 1241-1274.
  • Received: July 15, 2026
  • Accepted: August 30, 2026
  • Editors: Ari Adut, Kristen Schilt
  • DOI: 10.15195/v13.a47


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