Tag Archives | Hate Crimes

Three Lions or Three Scapegoats: Racial Hate Crime in the Wake of the Euro 2020 Final in London

Christof Nägel, Mathijs Kros, Ryan Davenport

Sociological Science August 6, 2024
10.15195/v11.a21


Does (under-)performance of athletes from stigmatized racial groups influence the incidence of racial hate crimes? We consider the case of the English national football team during the 2020 European Football Championship and analyze whether the performance of black players during the final at Wembley affected the number of racial hate crimes committed in London. The three English players who missed their penalties in the final are all black English players. Combining insights from (displaced) frustration-aggression and scapegoat theory, we argue that the frustration of losing the final resulted in violence directed at racial minority group members in London. Our findings show that the lost final triggered a 30 percent increase in racial hate crimes in the weeks following the event. The immediate impact was larger in boroughs with higher pre-event levels of racial hate crimes, indicating a galvanizing instead of a mobilizing exacerbation of this trigger event.
Creative Commons LicenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Christof Nägel: Insitute of Sociology & Social Psychology, University of Cologne
E-mail: naegel@wiso.uni-koeln.de

Mathijs Kros: Department of Sociology, Utrecht University
E-mail: m.kros@uu.nl

Ryan Davenport: University College London
E-mail: ryan.davenport@ucl.ac.uk

Acknowledgements: We are grateful to Frank van Tubergen, Huyen Nguyen, Jan-Willem Simons, Eva Jaspers, Chloé Lavest, Lucas Drouhot, Jeffrey Mitchell, Malcom Fairbrother, and Alexandra Heyden for feedback on an earlier version of this article.

Supplemental Material

Replication Package: A package to reproduce the results presented in this article is accessible at https://osf.io/hzuqk/.

  • Citation: Nägel, Christof, Mathijs Kros, and Ryan Davenport. 2024. “Three Lions or Three Scapegoats: Racial Hate Crime in the Wake of the Euro 2020 Final in London” Sociological Science 11: 579-599.
  • Received: April 10, 2024
  • Accepted: June 10, 2024
  • Editors: Ari Adut, Bart Bonikowski
  • DOI: 10.15195/v11.a21


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The Social Context of Racial Boundary Negotiations: Segregation, Hate Crime, and Hispanic Racial Identification in Metropolitan America

Michael T. Light, John Iceland

Sociological Science, February 08, 2016
DOI 10.15195/v3.a4

How the influx of Hispanics is reshaping the U.S. racial landscape is a paramount question in sociology. While previous research has noted the significant differences in Hispanics’ racial identifications from place to place, there are comparatively few empirical investigations explaining these contextual differences. We attempt to fill this gap by arguing that residential context sets the stage for racial boundary negotiations and that certain environments heighten the salience of inter-group boundaries. We test this argument by examining whether Hispanics who live in highly segregated areas and areas that experience greater levels of anti-Hispanic prejudice are more likely to opt out of the U.S. racial order by choosing the “other race” category in surveys. Using data from the American Community Survey and information on anti-Hispanic hate crimes from the FBI, we find support for these hypotheses. These findings widen the theoretical scope of the roles segregation and prejudice play in negotiating racial identifications, and have implications for the extent to which Hispanics may redefine the U.S. racial order.

Creative Commons LicenseThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Michael T. Light: Purdue University.  Email: mlight@purdue.edu

John Iceland: Department of Sociology and Criminology, Pennsylvania State University. Email: jdi10@psu.edu

Acknowledgements: An earlier version of this paper was presented at the annual meeting for the Population Association of America in San Francisco in 2012. The authors thank Sal Oropesa for his helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. We also thank Andrew Raridon for his research assistance.

 

  • Citation: Michael T. Light and John Iceland. 2016. “The Social Context of Racial Boundary Negotiations: Segregation, Hate Crime, and Hispanic Racial Identification in Metropolitan America”. Sociological Science 3: 61-84.
  • Received: October 20, 2015.
  • Accepted: November 28, 2015.
  • Editors: Jesper Sørensen, Mario Small
  • DOI: 10.15195/v3.a4

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